The chemical symbol for Potassium is K. It has one valence electron and it is an unstable element. It is in the group of 1A and on period 4. It is an metal and is a solid. It has 19 protons and electrons. The mass number is 39.098. Because of its high reactivity, potassium is not found free in nature. It is formed by supernovas via the R-process and occurs on Earth dissolved in seawater and in ionic salts.Potassium was first purified in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy from caustic potash (KOH) via electrolysis. Potassium was the first metal to be isolated using electrolysis.
Carbon
The chemical symbol for carbon is C. It has 6 protons and electrons. Its mass number is 12.001. It is a nonmetal and also is a solid. It is located in group 4A and period 2. It has 3 valence electrons in its outermost shell. Pure carbon exists free in nature and has been known since prehistoric time. Carbon comes from the Latin word for "charcoal". It is the fourth most abundant element in the universe. Pure carbon can damage lung tissue because it is non toxic.
Xenon
The chemical symbol for Xenon is Xe. It has 54 protons and electrons. It is located in group 8A, also called noble gases and period 5. It has 8 valence electrons and it is a stable element. Its mass number is 131.293 and is also a nonmetal. Xenon is found in the atmosphere at levels of approximately one part in twenty million. It was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and M. W. Travers in 1898
Silicon
The chemical symbol for Silicon is Si. It has 14 protons and electrons which also is the atomic number. The atomic mass of the element is 28.086. It is located in group 4A and period 3. It is an unstable element and it is a metalloid. Silicon is a solid element. It was discovered by Jons Jacob Berzelius in 1824. It is the second most abundant element in the universe and makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust. Silicon is an important ingredient in steel.
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